穩定幣市場爆炸式增長,已成為連國家經濟體都無法忽視的力量。現流通中的美元掛鈎代幣總額已逾2,000 億美元**,大致相當於希臘年度國內生產總值**。
若穩定幣是一個國家,以經濟規模計算,將近乎排於全球第 55 位。自 2023 年中以來大漲 73%,令穩定幣成為加密市場裡不可或缺的流動性。
當今靠 Tether USDT 及 Circle USDC 兩大巨頭主導,Tether 約為 1,390 億美元,USD Coin 則接近 530 億美元市值。二者合計,乃加密交易及 DeFi 基石,總價值甚至相當於加拿大 GDP 的八分之一。但隨穩定幣地位躍升,一眾新來的競爭者已悄然浮現。
從提供雙位數收益的去中心化協議,到金融科技巨頭及區域貨幣代幣,新晉者無不虎視耽耽欲撼 USDT 和 USDC 的地位。以下為十個正在挑戰現存格局的穩定幣,有法幣支持、加密抵押及算式設計等不同模式,是最被看好分一杯羹的新星。
1. Dai (DAI)
公司/項目: MakerDAO (Maker Foundation)
推出年份: 2017
現價: $1.00
現時市值: 53.6 億美元
作為 DeFi 初期誕生的去中心化穩定幣,Dai 證明了以加密資產作後盾也可穩守 1 美元掛鈎。由 MakerDAO 項目 2017 年推出,最初只以乙太為抵押,其後進化至「多抵押 DAI」,容許多種加密資產支撐。用戶透過在 Maker 智能合約存入加密貨幣,以超額抵押生成 DAI,確保每個 DAI 背後均有超過 1 美元資產保障。多年來,MakerDAO 亦引入現實世界資產 — 現時 Dai 有部分價值間接以美國短期國庫券和 USD Coin 撐腰,顯示偏重穩健策略。
這種保守做法,讓 Dai 能應對市況波動(高峰時流通量超過 70 億美元,現約 53 億)。近期「Endgame」治理改革,計畫推動更進一步的去中心化及減少對中心化抵押物依賴。
作為社區治理、運作 8 年的老字號,Dai 完美展現去中心化精神,亦有一群死忠 DeFi 用戶。不過其成長已見頂,一直遠遜於 USDT/USDC,部分原因是審慎超額抵押及同類競爭加劇。雖然未必能取代 Tether 或 Circle,Dai 仍是去中心化金融的重要磐石。若法幣託管穩定幣受監管或市場冷遇,Dai 勤實的模式反而有機會逆市突圍。
2. Ethena USD (USDe)
公司/項目: Ethena (Ethena Protocol)
推出年份: 2024
現價: $1.00
現時市值: 53.9 億美元
過去一年冒起最快的穩定幣之星,非 Ethena USDe 莫屬—這款去中心化合成美元於 2024 年初強勢亮相,數月內即登上第三大穩定幣寶座。由 Ethena 協議 2024 年 2 月推出,憑罕有高息吸引市場大量資金。Ethena 以 DeFi 結合傳統金融(名為「CeDeFi」):用戶以 BTC 或 ETH 等加密資產抵押鑄造 USDe,而 Ethena 則以鏈下衍生品對沖波動。
其「現貨加期貨套利」穩定策略中和了價格波動,同時產生利息收入,並將利息派發給 USDe 持有者。這個模式自推出以來,平均年回報率高達 17.5%,2024 年 3 月高峰一度衝上 55.9%。雙位數收益、由協議資產全數支持,威力驚人:到 2024 年末,USDe 流通量已突破 50 億,超越 Maker DAI 排名。Ethena 積極與加密生態夥伴整合(如主流交易商 Wintermute 已接受 USDe 作抵押,促進流動性和信任)。
USDe 的爆紅,展現市場對收益型穩定幣的渴求。若能維持穩定及回報,USDe 將威脅增長較慢的傳統巨頭,吸引追求被動收入的資深用戶。不過其複雜操作也帶來新風險—依賴鏈下交易及衍生品,或會暴露於「黑天鵝」事件。此外,監管審查亦升溫,德國監管機構要求釐清 Ethena 的牌照及資本準備狀況。
短期內,USDe 隨時憑原生收益削 USDT/USDC 份額,但其長遠發展要看透明度及壓力下的穩定性。現階段,Ethena 穩定幣像是華爾街戰略混合 DeFi 的破壞型新勢力,正正式向兩大巨頭下戰書。
3. First Digital USD (FDUSD)
公司/項目: First Digital Group (FD121 Ltd.)
推出年份: 2023
現價: $1.00
現時市值: 24.1 億美元
美國監管日趨嚴厲之際,香港意外成為新競爭者基地。First Digital USD 於 2023 年中由香港信託及金融服務公司 First Digital 推出,在本地積極發展加密友善監管下誕生。FDUSD 屬法幣支持型穩定幣:每發行一個代幣,便有一美元或等值高質資產由受監管託管人持有。
推出短短數月,FDUSD 便攀上巨人雙臂—Binance。全球最大交易所於 2023 年支援 FDUSD 交易對,部分是取代因美國監管叫停發行的 BUSD。這個加持令 FDUSD 快速壯大。2024 年初流通量已達 24 億美元,晉身全球前五大穩定幣。其設計更有獨特可編程性,能與智能合約交互,實現如託管、保險等無中介應用,為加密金融構建複雜產品奠基。
配合 First Digital 的信託牌照與香港支持虛擬資產監管,FDUSD 已成為完全合規的亞洲美金代幣,正好取代 Tether/USDC。發展迅速顯示市場對非美國發行穩定幣的需求,特別是在交易領域。倘若 Binance 及亞洲其他交易所繼續支持,FDUSD 足可逐步蠶食 USDC 市佔—現時其流動性及成交量已媲美部分美國穩定幣。不過其發展極度依賴 Binance 及監管走向,若規則或策略有變,FDUSD 的上升勢頭可能受挫。短期內,這新星借勢及地緣優勢,已是主導雙雄在亞太區的最強潛力挑戰者之一。
4. PayPal USD (PYUSD)
公司/項目: PayPal(由 Paxos Trust 發行)
推出年份: 2023
現價: $1.00
現時市值: 7.9 億美元
當金融科技巨頭 PayPal 加入戰團,連加密界老將亦不敢掉以輕心。2023 年 8 月,擁有 7,000 億美元規模的支付公司 PayPal Holdings 推出 PayPal USD,迅即成為首家發行穩定幣的大型美國金融服務機構。PYUSD 由受監管的 Paxos Trust(亦為 USDP、前 BUSD 背後發行人)1:1 法幣全額支持,每個 PYUSD 背後均由美元存款、短債及同類現金等組成。PayPal 強調產品合規、透明,設有每月儲備證明,主動與監管溝通。儘管有品牌效應,PYUSD 起步增長較慢,截至 2024 年初市值仍不足 8 億美元。
然而,PayPal 積極發揮逾 3.5 億用戶及龐大商戶網絡優勢,推動 PYUSD 應用。該幣已整合至 PayPal 及 Venmo 應用程式,用戶可一鍵將法幣兌換成 PYUSD。為擴展受眾,PayPal 更於 2024 年將 PYUSD 登陸 Solana 區塊鏈,令交易更快更低成本,亦推出由 Anchorage Digital 提供的加密回贈獎賞... holding and using PYUSD.
PYUSD帶來咗業界罕有嘅信譽同品牌認受性,呢啲都係好少原生加密貨幣項目可以比得上嘅。未來幾年,佢最大嘅優勢都係PayPal本身——公司可以將PYUSD整合落去電子商務收銀台、匯款或者大額消費者支付,即時令用量大幅提升。不過,要留意,PayPal要打入加密貨幣交易市場會相當艱難,因為USDT同USDC已經非常穩固。
PYUSD推出得咁小心翼翼,其實反映咗佢係做長遠盤算:佢未必可以即時撼低Tether喺交易市場嘅主導地位,但喺受監管圈子、企業級區塊鏈應用、同一啲新接觸加密貨幣嘅零售用戶之間,影響力可能會慢慢擴大。如果PayPal之後積極推PYUSD嚟做國際轉賬或者DeFi應用,呢粒穩定幣有機會成為一個大威脅。最少,PayPal嘅入場已經令銀行界對穩定幣概念認可咗——呢樣好可能會鼓勵其他科網巨企或者銀行落場,長遠削弱住原有發行商嘅市場份額。
5. Aave GHO (GHO)
公司/項目:Aave Companies / Aave DAO
推出年份:2023
現價:$1.00
市值:$2.1億
去中心化借貸巨頭Aave喺2023年正式推出自家穩定幣GHO,令去中心化穩定幣領域多咗一個強勁對手。GHO(讀音係"ghost")同DAI一樣,屬於過度抵押式穩定幣:用戶可以用佢地喺Aave平台存入嘅加密貨幣作抵押,借出GHO,而利息就會滙入Aave嘅DAO。特別嘅地方係,GHO由Aave社群管理發行參數,例如利率或者發行上限——真真正正係社群為社群發行嘅穩定幣。自從2023年中喺Ethereum登場以來,GHO已經有大約2億零8百萬枚流通,作為一隻新幣算係好開始,已經排入頭幾大去中心化美元,不過同中心化對手比就仲係細粒啲。Aave團隊喺穩定幣風險控制方面都頗有創意。
其中一個提案,佢哋引入咗現實資產回報納入備付金,例如用token化咗嘅貨幣市場基金(即BlackRock短期國庫券基金,透過BUIDL呢隻token)做抵押,為備付金帶嚟安全嘅利息。咁樣做,一來可能可以派息比持有人,二來又減少對純加密資產抵押嘅依賴。GHO仲拓展到多條鏈,包括Arbitrum同Base等Layer-2網絡,方便用家喺唔同DeFi應用中用GHO。
有DeFi界其中最大社群撐腰,GHO喺去中心化金融圈有扎實根基。GHO命運就同Aave平台掛鈎——Aave多人借貸,自然會提升對GHO呢個穩定借貸貨幣嘅需求。短線嚟講,GHO比較大機會係從其他去中心化穩定幣(如DAI)手頭搶市佔,未必即刻動搖大兩間(USDT/USDC)嘅地位。但2024年尾錄得146%增長,反映市場對佢有信心。如果GHO繼續創新,例如同持有人分成收益、加深流動性,佢未來可能殺出一條血路。
不過,市值仲未過十億美金,暫時對USDT/USDC構成嘅威脅仍然細微。GHO最大意義係證明社群自治穩定幣可以好快演化。長遠嚟講,GHO如果行得通,會逼主導發行商都改進,因為GHO全盤透明又易變革,一旦用戶對中心化巨頭失去信心,呢啲優勢會好吸引人。
6. USDD (USDD)
公司/項目:TRON DAO Reserve(孫宇晨/波場基金會)
推出年份:2022
現價:$1.00
市值:$2.6億
唔係所有對手都嚟自傳統金融或者Ethereum DeFi。USDD係Tron網絡嘅主力穩定幣,由加密貨幣企業家孫宇晨喺2022年中推出。佢最初被定位為一隻「算法穩定幣」,靈感來自TerraUSD模式,希望利用Tron龐大用戶基礎(Tron一直以Tether流通巨大、低成本轉賬見稱)。早幾個月,USDD提供好高存款利率——大約20至30%年化,由Tron DAO Reserve補貼利息推動市場採納。不過,Terra UST喺2022年5月爆煲之後,USDD都未能獨善其身。
雖然佢地手上有Bitcoin做備付,USDD喺2022年底一度脫鈎跌到$0.97左右,因為市場擔心抵押品唔夠。團隊其後大改設計:變做混合模式,部分USDD用其他資產(包括USDC同TRX)做備付,亦推出新機制,容許用戶鎖定抵押品鑄造USDD。到2025年初,USDD供應已經縮到約2億6千5百萬,較高峰時超過7億大減——反映過去一年市場小心應對。Tron而家再推升級版「USDD 2.0」,2025年1月上線,容許社群主導用TRX及其他資產鑄造USDD,更重要係恢復由Tron DAO Reserve全額補貼嘅20% APY質押回報,務求重拾市場信心。
USDD上上下下都幾刺激,但Tron交易規模龐大(係穩定幣轉賬龍頭網絡之一),所以只要有啲少突破,實際影響都可以好大。今次USDD 2.0升級,反映Tron真係想打破現狀——又想以Anchor模式高息,又強化抵押品,目標彌補Terra既有缺陷。如果Tron DAO可以長期守住穩定價、用儲備穩定派息,USDD有機會逐漸搶Tether地盤,尤其喺Tron生態入面。
當然,呢個「如果」好大。算法穩定幣失敗嘅亞影依然揮之不去,好多投資者都會等多段時間睇到穩定表現先再用大錢入場。總括嚟講,USDD就係搏以利息同轉賬效率狙擊USDT/USDC。規模上近期都未會追到,但作為亞洲地區特別Popular嘅穩定幣,值得留意。Tron嘅策略就係不斷派錢吸引人儲USDD,循環建立信心同流動性。至於係唔係可持續定只係短線補貼,係靠時間同透明度慢慢揭曉。
7. Usual USD (USD0)
公司/項目:Usual Finance(Usual Protocol)
推出年份:2024
現價:$1.00
市值:$9.5億
當華爾街忙住將美債資產token化,有個項目就靜靜雞推出一隻連接現實世界資產同DeFi嘅穩定幣。Usual USD(USD0)係2024年揚起,最大特色係每一枚USD0都有實物資產支持,主要係token化咗嘅國債、票據等現實資產——本質同Tether、Circle類似,但又有啲新意。重點係Usual USD協議會將啲資產產生嘅收益透過治理代幣USUAL同社群分享。即係話,USD0持有者間接可以受惠於儲備金帶來嘅利息(雖然USD0本身鎖死$1,但USUAL代幣會吸納收益價值)。實際運作上,USD0都係全額備付、法幣支持模式,好似USDC,不過發行協議由社群持有就成為賣點。
雖然上市時好低調,USD0照樣吸引市場注意——市值短短時間內升到接近十億美元,穩定幣中即刻入圍前幾大。主要增長都嚟自DeFi用家,佢地想搵有收益、透明度高嘅穩定幣做USDT/USDC替代品。USD0而家主要活躍於Ethereum同Arbitrum,並喺Uniswap、Curve等DEX有唔錯交易量。Usual Finance將國庫券,甚至房地產等真實資產token化,想為資產加流動性,等用戶都可以分到傳統市場收益一杯羹。
Usual USD正正代表穩定幣界內「傳統金融x去中心化金融」嘅匯流。升得咁快,證明只要堅持透明、可分享收益,未必需要大公司支持都可以吸引到過億美元資金。若USDT、USDC好似加密界嘅「貨幣基金」(發行人自己袋息),USD0就似Fund界ETF代幣,協議將賺到嘅利息分出嚟吸引用戶。加工夫其實係隱隱咁挑戰緊現有大戶:長遠大家會搵啲除咗穩定,仲有分成嘅穩定幣。始終USD0都係好新、仍然有難關。
如果想進一步擴張,一係要嚴格保持透明度及合規(因為含RWA,監管機構會特別留意),二來又要處理好兩代幣(USD0+USUAL)設計,避免嚇親大衆。不過,隨住穩定幣唔再只用嚟交易—而係做儲蓄同投資—USD0呢種模式其實好吸引。日後對手未來都可能抄呢啲分成式穩定幣。總括講,Usual USD已經為新一代「穩定幣2.0」打響頭炮—未來有機會用社群友好模式悄悄搶走傳統大戶生意。
8. Frax (FRAX)
公司/項目:Frax Finance
推出年份:2020
現價:$1.00(盯住)
市值:$3.5億
Frax係全球首隻分數式-算法穩定幣,一出道(2020年底)就好有話題。Frax Finance創辦人Sam Kazemian諗咗個新模式,FRAX唔係全額抵押,而係部分有抵押,部分用算法維持穩定。簡單嚟講,每粒FRAX可能80%由USDC做抵押,20%靠治理代幣(FXS)價值維繫……through open market operations. This approach allowed Frax to be capital-efficient – requiring less than $1 of assets per $1 of stablecoin – and it indeed helped Frax grow rapidly during the 2021–2022 DeFi boom.
透過公開市場操作。呢個做法令Frax可以好資本效率高——即每$1穩定幣只需唔使$1資產做支持——而的確喺2021至2022年DeFi大潮嗰陣,令Frax增長得好快。
By early 2022, FRAX’s supply exceeded $2 billion, putting it among the top stablecoins at the time. Frax Finance also expanded its ecosystem, launching Frax Shares (FXS) as the governance and value accrual token, and deploying novel products like FraxLend and Frax Ether (a liquid staking derivative). However, the implosion of TerraUSD in May 2022 spooked the market on anything resembling an algorithmic stable. Frax responded prudently: it increased its collateralization ratio to protect the peg (eventually approaching 100% collateral backing with a large portion in USDC), trading off some of its unique fractional aspect for resilience. As a result, FRAX’s supply has gradually shrunk – today it stands around $350 million. The protocol has pivoted focus to other ventures (like an inflation-pegged stablecoin and lending services), and FRAX now functions similarly to other crypto-backed stablecoins, albeit with a still-powerful governance token influencing its stability fees.
去到2022年初,FRAX發行量超過20億美元,當時已排到最頂級穩定幣之一。Frax Finance同期亦擴展咗佢個生態圈,推出咗Frax Shares(FXS)作為治理同價值累積代幣,兼且有新產品,例如FraxLend同Frax Ether(即Liquid Staking導數)。不過,去到2022年5月TerraUSD爆煲,令市場對所有類似演算法型穩定幣都好驚。Frax就做咗穩陣嘅應對:提高抵押率去守住錨定(最終接近100%抵押,主力用USDC),犧牲咗部分獨特嘅分數型設計換嚟穩健。結果,FRAX供應量慢慢縮減——今日大約只剩3.5億美元。呢個協議重心已經轉向其他方向(例如通脹掛鉤穩定幣同借貸服務),而家FRAX嘅運作同一般加密資產抵押穩定幣差唔多,不過依然有個好有影響力嘅治理代幣去調節穩定幣罰息。
Frax’s journey illustrates both the promise and peril of algorithmic stablecoins. In concept, FRAX could have been a serious USDT/USDC rival, since a fractional reserve model is more scalable. In practice, market psychology favored fully-backed models after high-profile crashes. Going forward, FRAX is unlikely to threaten the top stablecoins’ dominance unless trust in those centralized coins falters dramatically. Its current market share is small, and even its creator has embraced higher collateral levels (dampening one of its competitive advantages). That said, Frax Finance is respected for innovation – it survived the algorithmic stablecoin purge where others like Basis and Terra did not. If the pendulum ever swings back to more liberal designs (for example, if regulators put hard caps on fiat-backed stablecoin issuance), FRAX could see a resurgence.
Frax嘅歷程反映咗演算法穩定幣既希望同隱憂。理論上,FRAX憑住分數儲備模式應該可以同USDT/USDC一爭長短,更易擴張。不過現實係,市場心理自從幾單出事之後明顯偏向全額抵押類型。展望未來,FRAX基本冇乜機會威脅頂層穩定幣,如果大家對中心化穩定幣信心唔大跌嘅話。佢市佔好細,甚至連創辦人都接受咗高抵押比率(令佢原本嘅優勢收窄)。話雖如此,Frax Finance因為創新而受到尊重——佢喺一堆Algorithmic穩定幣陣亡之後仲屹立不倒(好似Basis、Terra都玩完)。如果有一日市場又鍾意返更自由、更大膽設計(例如監管機構限制法幣穩定幣發行量),FRAX有機會捲土重來。
In the near term, it serves as a cautious reminder that technical success (maintaining a peg via creative mechanisms) must be coupled with market confidence. Frax may no longer be the poster child of disruptive stablecoins, but its legacy informs the next generation of designs. And with a community still backing FXS, we can’t rule out Frax Finance pulling off another surprise pivot that reignites FRAX’s growth. For now, though, FRAX’s role is more complementary than competitive vis-à-vis USDT and USDC.
短期嚟講,呢個經歷提醒大家:技術做到(用創新機制守到錨定)係唔夠,一定要有市場信心。Frax未必再係顛覆型穩定幣嘅代表,但佢攞出嚟嘅經驗會影響未來新設計。而且仲有社群支持住FXS,Frax Finance隨時出奇招再推FRAX增長都唔出奇。不過目前嚟講,FRAX作用比較似補充USDT、USDC而唔係正面競爭。
9. TrueUSD (TUSD)
Company/Project: Techteryx (formerly TrustToken)
Year of Launch: 2018
Current Price: $1.00
Current Market Cap: $0.49 billion
TrueUSD has lived many lives in its quest to challenge Tether. Launched in 2018 by startup TrustToken, TUSD was one of the earliest fully fiat-collateralized stablecoins to hit the market after USDT. Its value proposition was simple: 1 TUSD is backed by $1 held in escrow by regulated fiduciaries, with live attestations provided to the public. During a time when Tether faced transparency criticisms, TUSD offered a more transparent alternative and gained a small but loyal user base. Over the years, the project changed hands – it’s now managed by an Asian consortium called Techteryx – but it continued to serve as a reliable dollar token.
TrueUSD為咗同Tether抗衡,幾經轉變。2018年由TrustToken創立,TUSD係USDT之後最早期嘅全法幣抵押穩定幣之一。賣點好簡單:1 TUSD背後有1美元託管喺受監管機構,公開即時審計。當時Tether畀人詬病唔夠透明,TUSD就標榜更加公開透明,所以吸引到少量死忠粉絲。多年以來,TUSD幾經轉手——而家由亞洲財團Techteryx營運——但依然係可靠嘅美元代幣選擇。
TUSD’s big break came in early 2023 when Binance, grappling with the shutdown of its own BUSD token, elevated TUSD as a preferred stablecoin on its exchange. Binance temporarily zero-fee’d certain trading pairs using TUSD, and as a result TUSD’s circulation spiked from a few hundred million to over $2 billion at its peak in mid-2023. However, growing pains followed. That same year, one of TUSD’s key banking partners, Prime Trust, faced solvency issues, forcing TUSD to pause minting for a time. Although the team stated they had no material exposure and quickly restored operations, market jitters led to a sell-off and slight depeg in June 2023. TUSD has since moved to diversify its custodians and resumed regular reserve attestations, but its market cap has declined to around $500 million as Binance shifted support elsewhere.
TUSD起飛就喺2023年初,Binance自家BUSD停咗之後,開始推TUSD做主力穩定幣。Binance甚至一度將某啲TUSD交易對免手續費,結果TUSD流通量由幾億急升至高峰時超過20億美元。但之後都出現陣痛。嗰年其中一間主要銀行夥伴Prime Trust出現資不抵債,TUSD曾經一度暫停鑄幣。雖然團隊話無重大損失,亦好快恢復運作,但市場恐慌,導致TUSD 2023年6月短暫脫錨、有拋售壓力。TUSD之後就分散多啲託管商、恢復定期準備金公告,不過市值都跌返約5億美元,因為Binance已經轉咗支持。
TrueUSD’s story reflects the challenges of being a smaller fiat-backed stablecoin in a realm of giants. It has proven its technical merit – the token has maintained its peg through various stress tests – but scale and trust are crucial in this game. TUSD currently lacks a unique edge now that USDC has similar transparency and bigger networks. Its temporary surge under Binance’s wing showed that exchange patronage can catapult a stablecoin upward, but also how fleeting such advantage can be.
TUSD嘅故事反映咗細規模法幣穩定幣喺一堆巨頭之間生存有幾難。其實TUSD技術上都合格——多次市場壓力都守得住錨定——但規模同信任先係真。宜家,USDC又有透明度又有大網絡,TUSD其實唔再有獨特優勢。喺Binance照顧下短時間爆升,顯示咗交易所撐某幣就即刻起飛,但同時都見到呢啲機會幾咁短暫。
Unless TUSD secures new major partnerships or finds a niche (perhaps in jurisdictions or use-cases where others can’t operate), it may remain a second-tier player. On the other hand, TUSD’s compliance-forward approach and relatively long history could make it a contingency choice if regulators ever crackdown on bigger players (for instance, traders might rotate into TUSD if USDT faced an existential issue). In summary, TrueUSD is a competent stablecoin that has been to the mountaintop and back. Its direct threat to USDT/USDC is minimal at present, but it remains part of the stablecoin landscape as a reminder that multiple issuers can coexist. In the stablecoin race, TUSD is positioning itself as the reliable understudy – ready to step in should the stars stumble.
除非TUSD攞到新大合作或者搵到獨有市場(例如啲地方或用途其他穩定幣做唔到),否則都會停留喺二線位置。不過,TUSD走合規路線加上經營耐歷史長,如果有日監管出手打大隻嗰啲(例如USDT真係爆咗),有啲交易員可能會轉用TUSD。總結,TrueUSD係有實力嘅穩定幣,上過大位又跌返落嚟。對USDT同USDC威脅唔大,但持續喺市場扮演住多發行人共存嘅參考。喺穩定幣競爭中,TUSD定位係信得過嘅替補——主角有事時,隨時補位。
10. Euro Coin (EUROC)
Company/Project: Circle (Centre Consortium)
Year of Launch: 2022
Current Price: €1.00 (≈ $1.08)
Current Market Cap: $0.15 billion
While USD-pegged tokens dominate the stablecoin universe, Circle Internet Financial – the firm behind USDC – has been quietly seeding a euro-pegged alternative. Euro Coin (EUROC) launched in mid-2022 as a fully-reserved stablecoin tied 1:1 to the euro. Like USDC, Euro Coin is issued under a regulated model: every EUROC corresponds to one euro held in bank accounts, with attestations to match. In a world where the U.S. dollar reigned supreme in crypto (over 99% of fiat stablecoin value is USD-pegged), Euro Coin’s introduction was as much a bet on the future as a response to present demand. Adoption started slowly – by 2023, EUROC’s market cap was in the low eight figures – but it gained traction among European exchanges and DeFi platforms offering forex trading and euro-based lending.
雖然全世界穩定幣都係美元掛鈎霸主,不過USDC背後嘅Circle一早就悄悄起步推歐元掛鈎替代品。Euro Coin (EUROC)於2022年中推出,係全額儲備、1:1和歐元掛鈎嘅穩定幣。好似USDC一樣,歐元幣都以受監管方式發行:每1 EUROC有1歐元放喺銀行賬戶,並有外部公開審計。由於加密世界幾乎100%法幣穩定幣都係美元掛鈎,Euro Coin推出不單止係應市場需求,更係一個未來部署。一開始2023年歐元幣市值只係八位數,但慢慢喺歐洲交易所、DeFi有投外匯或歐元借貸需求平台都見到多咗人用。
As of early 2025, about €138 million EUROC are in circulation, equivalent to roughly $148 million in market cap. Circle has expanded Euro Coin beyond Ethereum to other chains (like Avalanche and Solana) to make it more accessible. Importantly, regulatory developments in the EU could bolster EUROC’s prospects. The European Union’s comprehensive MiCA regulation took effect in late 2024, providing a clear framework for stablecoins denominated in euros. Circle’s Euro Coin, as a MiCA-compliant “e-money token,” is positioned to benefit from this newfound legitimacy at a time when euro-denominated crypto volumes are expected to grow.
截至2025年初,市面有約1.38億EUROC流通,即大概1.48億美金市值。Circle已將Euro Coin擴展至除Ethereum之外其他主鏈(例如Avalanche、Solana),方便用戶。歐盟最近監管大潮都幫到EUROC前景。歐盟全面性MiCA監管法規於2024年底正式生效,明確規範歐元穩定幣。Circle發行歐元幣符合MiCA「電子貨幣代幣」資格,有咁嘅新正當身份,正值歐元計價加密資產交易上升,EUROC會因而受惠。
Euro Coin addresses a gap in the market – the need for a trusted non-USD stablecoin for global users. While it’s no immediate threat to USDT or USDC’s hegemony, its growth could slowly erode the relative dominance of dollar-backed tokens in certain niches. For instance, European trading pairs and DeFi protocols might increasingly use EUROC for settling in euros, reducing reliance on converting to USD stablecoins. In the long run, if geopolitical or economic shifts lead to a stronger euro or more euro-based crypto activity, EUROC stands ready to scale.
Euro Coin正好補足咗市場缺乏可信歐元穩定幣嘅空缺。雖然短期內未必威脅到USDT或USDC地位,但慢慢可以蠶食啲細分市場所謂「美元獨大」優勢。好似歐洲交易對、DeFi協議,愈嚟愈多用歐元結算、減少兌換USD穩定幣。長線嚟講,如果地緣或經濟變化令歐元強勢(或多咗用歐元計價資產),EUROC就可以順勢擴大。
For now, its $150M size is a drop in the bucket, but it represents an important diversification of the stablecoin landscape. As global stablecoin usage grows, it’s conceivable that baskets of stablecoins (USD, EUR, others) will collectively share the space rather than a single currency token monopolizing it. Euro Coin likely won’t “challenge” USDT on its own – they serve different currency demand – but it could undercut Tether’s euro-pegged offerings (EURT) and ensure that Circle remains the leader across multiple fiat tokens. In summary, EUROC’s rise, however gradual, points to a multi-currency future for stablecoins, one where dollar dominance might give way to a more pluralistic market.
暫時歐元幣150M市值不算大,不過已經象徵住穩定幣市場開始多元化。隨住普及,未來有可能一籃子穩定幣共存(美元、歐元等等),唔再只有一幣獨大。Euro Coin未必夠格單挑USDT——始終兩者服務不同貨幣市場——但有機會搶咗Tether旗下歐元穩定幣(EURT)份額,進一步鞏固Circle作為多法幣發行龍頭地位。總結,EUROC慢慢興起,反映穩定幣有機會走向多貨幣共存,而美元霸權都可能讓位比多元化發展。
Conclusion: A Changing Stablecoin Landscape
結論:穩定幣格局變天
Stablecoins have evolved from a convenient on-ramp for crypto trading into a pillar of global finance, with a total market value now rivaling the economies of mid-sized nations. Tether’s USDT and Circle’s USDC still tower above the rest – together accounting for roughly 90% of all stablecoin value – but the ten challengers above illustrate how dynamic this sector has become. Each aspiring rival brings something unique: some, like Ethena USDe and Tron’s USDD, offer tantalizing yields that traditional stablecoins don’t pay.
穩定幣由最初只係加密貨幣入場橋樑,已經晉升做全球金融支柱,市值規模等同中型經濟體。Tether嘅USDT同Circle嘅USDC依然一枝獨秀——合共壟斷近九成市場——不過上面介紹嘅十隻挑戰者已經證明咗呢個行業幾多變。每個對手都有唔同特色:有啲好似Ethena USDe、波場USDD主打高息,傳統穩定幣冇得比。
Others, like Aave’s GHO and Maker’s DAI, double down on decentralization and crypto-collateral to differentiate from bank-dependent models. Fintech entrants (PayPal USD) and regulated upstarts (FDUSD in Hong Kong) highlight a trend of mainstream and regional players carving out their own dollar-pegged domains. We also see innovation in asset strategy – Usual USD’s real-world asset backing and profit-sharing model, for example, could foreshadow a new wave of interest-bearing stablecoins that chip away at incumbents by design.
另有啲,例如Aave嘅GHO同Maker嘅DAI著重去中心化同加密抵押,突顯出佢哋同銀行依賴型穩定幣唔同。Fintech新入場(PayPal USD)同香港新規穩定幣(FDUSD)又見證住傳統科技公司同地區新勢力各自爭美元掛鉤新區塊。資產策略上都有新意,好似Usual USD用現實資產支持兼分紅,有望帶起新一輪「賺息」型穩定幣,憑設計直接削弱傳統霸主優勢。
In the coming years, key shifts could reorder the stablecoin leaderboard. Regulatory clarity (or crackdowns) will play kingmaker and king-slayer alike: Europe’s MiCA and Hong Kong’s openness may elevate local stablecoins, while any stumble by Tether or Circle in transparency could send users flocking to decentralized or alternative options. Market needs are diversifying too. As blockchain use cases expand, demand for non-USD stablecoins (euros, yen, etc.) and
未來幾年可能出現一波洗牌。監管明朗化或開始打壓都會左右格局:歐洲MiCA、香港開放新例,有望扶起本地穩定幣,而Tether或Circle萬一喺透明度出事,資金即刻轉投去中心化或其他類型選擇。市場需求都開始分化。區塊鏈應用愈來愈多,對非美元穩定幣(例如歐元、日圓等)...... sector-specific stablecoins (for gaming, commodities, or carbon credits) might surge, ending the Dollar’s absolute reign on-chain.
有一點可以肯定,競爭會帶來更優質的產品——儲備會更安全,審計會更多,甚至可能為用戶帶來利息。USDT 同 USDC 未必會咁易放棄佢哋現時嘅寶座;佢哋多年來已經建立咗網絡效應同深厚信任。不過,一啲對手的急速崛起亦都展示咗喺 crypto 呢個行業,風向可以轉得幾快。今日嘅小眾穩定幣,好可能會變成明日市值幾十億美元嘅巨頭。對投資者同關注者嚟講,穩定幣市場絕對值得密切留意:佢係加密經濟嘅基石,佢嘅發展將會左右未來數碼貨幣嘅走向,甚至有機會影響傳統金融。

