「金融科技」— 結合金融服務與創新科技 — 正在重新定義我們的銀行、投資與支付方式。曾經是利基產業的金融科技，自信用卡與ATM問世以來發展數十年，到了2025年已成為價值超過2,000億美元的產業。
如今，金融科技涉及從行動支付到保險的各個領域，為長期以紙本與分行主導的行業帶來全新數位面貌。這場轉型並非炒作，而是真正在重塑全球金融格局。
預計數位支付交易至2025年將突破20兆美元，金融科技市場本身也以兩位數增長。根據波士頓諮詢集團預測，金融科技營收2030年可達1.5兆美元，展現巨大成長潛力。消費者現在期望管理資金時有無縫的數位體驗，驅使銀行與新創競相創新。
因此，傳統放款機構與敏捷金融科技新創之間的合作大增，全球已有超過400家金融科技獨角獸（估值超過10億美元的新創）。金融科技已從邊緣的破壞力量躍升為金融主流。
其影響遍及全球。金融科技平台正將金融服務帶進新興市場與弱勢社群，幫助數百萬過去未擁有銀行帳戶的人直接跨入數位經濟。2024年全球金融科技投資達到435億美元，資金用於從印度即時小額貸款到華爾街AI驅動交易工具等多元解決方案。
本文將探討2025年十大最熱門金融科技趨勢。每個趨勢都揭示科技如何推動金融創新，如何形塑全球經濟，造福機構與消費大眾。
1. 財務無所不在：嵌入式服務與超級App
最全面的趨勢之一，就是金融服務與日常數位生活的深度融合。
嵌入式金融代表銀行、支付、保險甚至貸款等服務，已經不再局限於銀行，而是無縫整合進非金融類的App和平台。2025年，購物、預約叫車甚至和朋友聊天時，內建的支付與信用選項已越來越普遍。科技巨擘與新創都在搶進，爭當消費者需求的一站式服務平台。
形成了一個財務無所不在、卻幾乎隱形於用戶操作間的世界。
各行各業都積極擁抱嵌入式金融以提升便利性與用戶黏著。例如電商及叫車平台，現在直接在App內提供即時貸款或錢包功能。
消費者只需點擊，即可分期付款完成電商結帳；兼職駕駛也可經由叫車App獲得保險或預支現金。各大企業更打造「超級App」——仿效亞洲模式，將多個服務集於一應用程式中。
在中國，微信與支付寶演化為生態系統，用戶可在不離開App的狀況下聊天、購物、繳費、投資等。此一概念正在全球蔓延：西方如PayPal、Cash App、Revolut等持續擴展功能（從股票交易、加密貨幣至帳單支付）以將用戶留在單一介面。而東南亞Grab和Gojek則將外送、支付與貸款結合。消費者享受一站式便利，業者則獲得更深入的顧客資料與忠誠度。
嵌入式金融的成長潛力十分龐大。
分析師預測，嵌入式金融市場到2030年將暴增至約7兆美元，凸顯這些服務未來或將無所不在。
2. AI主導金融
如果說2024年生成式AI成為公眾關注焦點，2025年便是金融機構全面導入人工智慧的一年。
銀行、保險業與金融科技新創大舉部署AI與機器學習，來自動化流程、從大量資料萃取洞見，並提供更加個人化的服務。AI的變革力量帶動客戶體驗與投資策略的轉型，開啟新一代數據驅動金融時代。
AI最顯著的衝擊在於聰明、個人化的顧客互動。許多銀行已在手機App內推出AI助理，能回答問題、給予預算建議，甚至用語音或簡短對話完成交易。隨著大型語言模型（如ChatGPT背後的技術）興起，這類數位助手更趨智慧。
在幕後，AI也徹底變革風險管理與營運。機器學習模型可分析成千上萬個資料點，不僅較傳統信用評分快且更公正。2025年，放款機構大多用AI平台決定貸款核准，顧客審核更即時。
在交易與資產管理方面，AI演算法可高速掃描市場數據以調整策略或執行交易——這在對沖基金早已常見，如今亦蔓延到主流投資機構。
AI帶來顯著生產力提升。Accenture研究指出，生成式AI有機會讓銀行業生產力提升超過30%，因為自動化可處理重複工作，人類則聚焦於複雜判斷。因應這個趨勢，各銀行投資持續激增：2024年僅少部分銀行完全整合AI，但2025年絕大多數機構正進行AI試點計劃或加速導入。
3. 數位貨幣興起：從CBDC到穩定幣
貨幣本身也正走向數位化。
2025年，金融科技最火熱領域之一便是數位貨幣發展，無論是由中央銀行或民間企業主導。
中央銀行數位貨幣（CBDC）——也就是由央行發行的數位現金——在許多經濟體從概念逐步落實。與此同時，穩定幣（與美元等穩定資產掛鉤的加密貨幣）正大舉普及，引起監管機構高度關注且逐步進入主流金融體系。這兩大趨勢代表更廣泛的變革：貨幣與支付的定義正因科技顛覆而演變。
全球各國央行都將CBDC視為讓貨幣全面現代化的途徑。現今有超過130個國家（總體GDP近98%）正探索或測試CBDC計畫。中國進度領先：數位人民幣（e-CNY）試點用戶建數以億計，累計交易量經過幾年試行已接近1兆美元。
歐元區、印度、巴西等也正推動自己的數位貨幣試行或規劃，計劃在未來幾年推向市場。部分國家已全國正式推出CBDC——如奈及利亞（eNaira）及巴哈馬（Sand Dollar）。
與此同時，穩定幣大幅彌補傳統金融體系空缺，尤其在跨境交易與加密市場上表現亮眼。這些以區塊鏈為基礎、與法幣如美元或歐元掛鉤的數位代幣，結合了傳統貨幣的穩定性與加密貨幣的速度和可編程性。
到2025年，像USDT（Tether）與USDC等穩定幣已成加密貨幣生態系的基石——用於交易者停泊資金，或成為交易所的共同計價單位。穩定幣的用途也超越了加密幣交易。
這種普及正在驅使監管機構與立法者行動。美國、歐盟與亞洲各地政府在2024年花了一整年討論如何規範穩定幣發行者，確保這些代幣安全且有足額擔保。
預計2025年我們將看到新的法規出台，把主流穩定幣當作銀行存款或貨幣基金看待，規定發行商須有高品質儲備並接受審計。弔詭的是，這樣的監管明確性對穩定幣也是利多——規則確立後或將鋪路讓其更廣泛進入主流金融體系。
4. 去中心化金融與資產代幣化主流化
去中心化金融（DeFi）——即在區塊鏈上運作、不經傳統中介的金融服務——已從最初近乎「西部拓荒」的階段，進化為連銀行、資產管理業都無法忽視的產業。
2025年，DeFi平台已經管理數百億資產，憑藉智能合約實現借貸、交易、資產管理等各項功能。
更重要的是，DeFi背後的技術正在被用來將現實世界資產「代幣化」，有望徹底革新股票、債券及其他資產的發行與交易機制。「加密金融」與傳統金融的界線愈發模糊，金融機構也開始涉足DeFi，資產代幣化的概念逐漸主流化。
2025年，各國政府與大型企業已經嘗試以「代幣」形式發行債券等證券，讓投資人得以點對點立即交易。瑞士、新加坡等地的證券交易所，也已推出數位資產交易平台，實現新舊證券並列上市交易。
世界經濟論壇甚至預測，到2027年約10%的全球GDP都有可能透過代幣化資產儲存在區塊鏈上，顯示此趨勢的顛覆性潛力。
熟悉加密貨幣的投資人，不僅可交易加密資產，也能利用DeFi協議讓持有資產賺取收益，完全不經傳統銀行。想貸款嗎？部分用戶會以加密貨幣做為抵押，在去中心化借貸平台直接借出穩定幣或其他資產。想在週日凌晨2點交易資產？
Decentralized exchanges (DEXs) like Uniswap or PancakeSwap allow trading of tokens 24/7 without a broker, using liquidity pools funded by users. These innovations have shown a glimpse of a more open, always-on financial system. However, early DeFi was marred by volatility and hacks.
去中心化交易所（DEX）如 Uniswap 或 PancakeSwap，讓使用者可以 24 小時不間斷地交易代幣，無需經紀人，並透過用戶出資的流動性池進行撮合。這些創新預示著一個更加開放與持續運作的金融體系。不過，早期的 DeFi 也曾因波動性和駭客事件而聲名狼藉。
One notable subset of this trend is smart contracts automating complex financial agreements. Insurance contracts, real estate escrows, even company dividend distributions can be codified as self-executing contracts on a blockchain.
此一趨勢中值得注意的一環是智慧合約自動化複雜金融協議。保險合約、不動產託管，甚至公司分紅發放，都能以自動執行的合約形式部署在區塊鏈上。
5. Beyond Layer 2: State Channels and the Layer-3 Frontier
In the past few years, Layer-2 solutions like Bitcoin’s Lightning Network or Ethereum’s rollups have been implemented to handle more transactions off the main blockchain (Layer 1), relieving congestion and lowering fees. Now, Layer 3 is emerging as an additional overlay focused on specific high-performance use cases.
在過去幾年，比特幣的閃電網路或以太坊的 rollups 這類 Layer-2 解決方案陸續上線，以分擔主鏈（Layer 1）的交易壓力，降低擁擠與交易手續費。現今，Layer 3 正崛起，作為專注於某些高效能應用的新一層架構。
Yellow Network is a pioneering Layer-3 protocol designed to facilitate decentralized trading and clearing at lightning speeds. It leverages state channel technology to allow parties (for instance, crypto exchanges or brokers) to conduct numerous trades directly with each other off-chain, while relying on the underlying blockchain only for periodic settlement and security.
Yellow Network 是一個領先的 Layer-3 協議，專為促進去中心化交易與清算而設計，並且極為迅速。它運用狀態通道技術，讓不同方（如加密貨幣交易所或券商）能在鏈下直接大量交易，僅在需要定期結算與確保安全時才依賴底層區塊鏈。
Think of a state channel like running a tab with a trusted counterparty: two parties open a channel by locking some funds on the main blockchain, then transact freely between themselves off-chain – these transactions are instant and virtually free since they aren’t executed by every node on the network.
你可以把狀態通道想像成跟值得信任的對手在「記帳」：兩方先在主鏈鎖定一定資金，之後彼此在鏈下隨意交易——這些交易即時且幾乎免費，因為不需由網路上的每個節點逐一執行。
When they’re done, they close the channel and settle the net outcome on the blockchain, which could be just one transaction recording the final balances. This approach massively boosts throughput.
等到交易結束，雙方再關閉通道，並在區塊鏈上結算最終結果：這通常只需一筆交易記錄最終餘額。這種方式大幅提升了處理量。
Why is this important?
這為什麼重要？
As crypto markets matured, a big challenge has been the scalability and fragmentation of liquidity. Different exchanges and blockchains each have their own silos of activity, and transacting across them can be slow and costly.
隨著加密市場發展成熟，最大的挑戰之一就是可擴展性與流動性碎片化。不同的交易所和區塊鏈各自為政，跨平台交易既緩慢又高成本。
Layer-3 solutions like Yellow aim to connect these silos via a peer-to-peer clearing network. Brokers and exchanges using Yellow Network can sync orders and liquidity with each other without going through a centralized exchange or clogging a blockchain with every trade.
像 Yellow 這類 Layer-3 解決方案旨在利用點對點清算網路串聯這些孤島。使用 Yellow Network 的券商與交易所能彼此同步訂單與流動性，無需透過中心化交易所，也不會因每一筆交易而造成區塊鏈擁塞。
The result is closer to the performance one expects from traditional financial markets: high-frequency trading, instant trade confirmations, and efficient use of capital, but accomplished in a decentralized manner.
這導致的表現更貼近傳統金融市場：高頻交易、瞬時成交確認，以及資金高效運用，而且是以去中心化的方式來實現。
By only settling final netted outcomes on-chain, state channel networks preserve the security of base blockchains like Ethereum or others, yet avoid their speed limits for day-to-day activity.
狀態通道網路僅將最終結算結果寫入區塊鏈，既保留了以太坊等基礎鏈的安全性，又避開其日常活動的速度瓶頸。
In 2024, Yellow Network garnered attention by launching a testnet and attracting strategic backers – including notable figures from the crypto industry. It raised seed funding (with participation from a co-founder of Ripple, for example) to build out this infrastructure. By 2025, the project is demonstrating how Layer 3 can complement Layer 1 and 2.
在 2024 年，Yellow Network 因啟動測試網並吸引多位加密產業大咖支持而備受關注。它也順利募集種子資金（包括 Ripple 聯合創辦人參與），用來打造這項基礎建設。到 2025 年，這個專案正展現 Layer 3 如何與 Layer 1 和 Layer 2 相輔相成。
6. Real-Time Rails and Frictionless Payments
The way we move money is undergoing a dramatic upgrade. In 2025, the expectation is that payments – whether to a friend across town or a supplier across the ocean – should be instant, 24/7, and low-cost.
我們轉帳支付的方式正經歷劇烈升級。到了 2025 年，大家預期付款（無論是給本地朋友還是海外供應商），都應該是即時、全天候且低成本。
This is a sharp departure from the slow, bank-business-hours world of traditional payments. Fintech innovations, new payment networks, and even government initiatives are all contributing to what can be called the era of real-time payments and increasingly frictionless cross-border transfers. Essentially, money is catching up to the speed of the internet.
這跟傳統銀行只在上班時間受理、過程緩慢的支付方式有極大差異。金融科技創新、新型支付網絡，甚至政府政策，都在推動所謂的「即時支付」並消除跨境匯款障礙的時代來臨。換句話說，金流正追上網路的速度。
On the domestic front, many countries have implemented instant payment systems that allow bank transfers to complete in seconds.
就國內支付而言，許多國家已實施即時支付系統，讓銀行轉帳幾秒內就能完成。
In the United States, for example, the Federal Reserve’s FedNow service went live, enabling Americans to send money between banks instantly at any time. No longer does one have to wait for “the next business day” – a bill payment or a paycheck can clear at 3AM on a Sunday just as easily as on a Tuesday afternoon. Countries in Europe, Asia, and Latin America have been rolling out similar systems (India’s UPI and Brazil’s PIX are prominent success stories, handling billions of transactions and bringing millions into digital finance).
以美國為例，聯邦儲備推出的 FedNow 服務已上線，讓美國民眾任何時間都能跨行即時轉帳。不再需要等待「下個營業日」——無論是週日凌晨三點還是週二下午，帳單或薪資都能馬上入帳。歐洲、亞洲、拉丁美洲也推出類似系統（如印度的 UPI、巴西的 PIX，都是成功典範，每年處理數十億筆交易，並幫助數以百萬計民眾接觸數位金融）。
By 2025, instant payment infrastructure is becoming standard, and fintech apps are leveraging it to provide seamless user experiences.
到了 2025 年，即時支付基礎建設已成為常態，金融科技 APP 也以此為基礎，帶來順暢的用戶體驗。
The bigger revolution is in cross-border payments, historically the most friction-laden part of finance.
更大的革新則是在於跨境支付，這一直是金融領域摩擦最大的環節。
International transfers have long been plagued by slow SWIFT messages, multiple intermediaries, high fees (often 5-7% for remittances), and lack of transparency on where the money is at any moment. Fintech companies and new protocols are changing that.
國際匯款過去總是受限於 SWIFT 訊息延遲、中間機構層層轉手、高昂費用（匯款手續費常達 5-7%）、以及資金去向不透明。金融科技公司與新型協議正在改變這種狀況。
Specialist remittance startups like Wise (formerly TransferWise) or Revolut built their own networks to dramatically cut the cost and time of sending money abroad, using smart routing and local liquidity pools. Now even those speeds are being eclipsed by blockchain-based payment solutions which allow value to move globally in minutes.
專注於匯款的初創公司，例如 Wise（原名 TransferWise）和 Revolut，建立自有網路，透過智慧路由和本地流動性池來大幅降低海外匯款成本與時間。如今，區塊鏈支付方案的速度甚至已超越這些業者，讓價值在全球流動只需數分鐘。
Cryptocurrencies and stablecoins play a role here: for instance, a user can convert dollars to a dollar-pegged stablecoin and send it to a recipient abroad who cashes out in local currency – all in a matter of minutes and often at a fraction of the fee of a wire transfer. This approach saw significant growth, especially in regions with restricted banking; by 2025 stablecoins facilitate a meaningful share of remittances in certain corridors (e.g., Latin American expatriates sending funds home).
加密貨幣與穩定幣在這方面有其角色：例如用戶可先將美元換成美元掛鉤的穩定幣，幾分鐘後對方在海外收到穩定幣並換回當地法幣，手續費遠低於傳統匯款。這種方式成長迅速，特別是在銀行服務受限的區域；到 2025 年，穩定幣已成為特定路徑（如拉丁美洲外籍人士匯款）的主要方式之一。
7. Rethinking Credit: Alternative Lending and Credit Scoring
Access to credit is a cornerstone of economic opportunity, yet traditional credit systems have long left out vast segments of the population.
信貸取得是經濟機會的基石，但傳統徵信體系長期排除大量人口在外。
In 2025, fintech is helping reinvent lending and credit scoring to be more inclusive and better tailored to individual circumstances.
到了 2025 年，金融科技正協助信貸與徵信創新，讓服務更加包容並對個人狀況量身打造。
From “buy now, pay later” plans at checkout to AI-driven platforms that analyze alternative data for creditworthiness, lending is becoming more flexible. These innovations are expanding consumer and small business access to loans, while forcing incumbents to adapt their risk models beyond the old-school credit bureau score.
從結帳時的「先買後付 Buy Now, Pay Later（BNPL）」分期方案，到運用 AI 判讀非傳統數據作為信用指標，借貸資本變得更加有彈性。這些創新拓展了消費者與小型企業的貸款管道，也讓傳統機構不得不更新風險模型，突破老舊徵信分數。
One major development has been the mainstreaming of Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services. These short-term installment plans offered at the point of sale allow consumers to split a purchase (often e-commerce, but also in-store) into a few interest-free payments.
其中一項重大發展是 BNPL（先買後付）的普及，這類短期分期付款方案在結帳時就提供給消費者，讓大家能把消費（多為網路，也包含實體）分成幾期，不用利息。
Companies like Klarna, Afterpay, and Affirm saw explosive growth by partnering with retailers and online merchants.
Klarna、Afterpay 和 Affirm 等公司透過與零售與網購業者合作，實現了爆炸性成長。
By 2025, BNPL has become a standard payment option alongside credit cards – especially popular with younger shoppers who value the transparency (fixed installments, no revolving debt) and ease of use. Traditional banks and credit card companies, noticing BNPL’s popularity, have responded with similar installment features on their cards or apps.
到 2025 年，BNPL 已成為標配付款選項之一，與信用卡並駕齊驅——特別受到年輕族群青睞，因為其分期資訊透明（固定期數、沒有循環利息）、也好操作。傳統銀行和信用卡公司也看中了 BNPL 熱潮，紛紛在卡片與 APP 上推出類似分期功能。
Regulators too have stepped in to ensure responsible lending, as concerns arose about consumers overextending themselves.
同時，監管機關也著手管理，避免消費者過度負債。
The result is that point-of-sale financing is now widely accessible, often with credit checks that are more forgiving than a typical credit card application. This has opened up financing for people with thin credit files or those wary of credit card interest, albeit with caution to use these plans judiciously.
結果就是，銷售點分期融資現已普及，且其信用審查比傳統信用卡寬鬆許多。過往信用歷史薄弱或不想背信用卡利息的人，也因此有了融資機會——但仍需審慎使用這類方案。
Another area of fintech progress is in alternative credit scoring and underwriting. In many countries, millions are “credit invisible” – they might have no loans or credit cards and thus lack a credit history to secure a loan.
金融科技另一進展是非傳統徵信與核貸。在許多國家，數百萬人屬於「徵信隱形人」——他們可能沒有貸款或信用卡紀錄，因此無法取得傳統貸款。
Fintech lenders are tackling this by tapping into non-traditional data sources: utility bill payments, rent payment history, mobile phone top-up patterns, employment and education information, even social media or e-commerce activity in some cases. By analyzing these data with machine learning, lenders can infer creditworthiness beyond the traditional FICO or bank score.
金融科技貸款公司則用非傳統數據來解決：例如水電繳費紀錄、租金支付歷史、手機儲值習慣、就業與學歷資料，甚至某些情形會評估社群或電商活動。透過機器學習分析這些數據，貸方可評估信用狀況，而不僅只依賴傳統 FICO 或銀行分數。
8. RegTech and the New Regulatory Reality
The rapid ascent of fintech has prompted an equally important evolution in the world of regulation. As financial services become more digitized and decentralized, regulators worldwide are adapting rules and supervision methods to keep up.
金融科技的高速發展也推動監管層面出現同等重要的演變。隨著金融服務日益數位化與去中心化，全球監管機關正調整規則與監理手段以跟上潮流。
In 2025, RegTech – regulatory technology – is a booming field, providing software and AI solutions to help institutions comply with complex rules efficiently.
到了 2025 年，RegTech（監管科技）產業蓬勃發展，提供軟體與 AI 工具，協助機構高效率遵循複雜規範。
At the same time, the regulatory perimeter is expanding: activities once outside traditional oversight (like cryptocurrency trading or peer-to-peer lending) are being brought under the watch of authorities. This trend is shaping a future where innovation and regulation go hand in hand, aiming for a safer financial ecosystem without stifling progress.
同時，監管範圍不斷擴大：像加密幣交易、P2P 貸款這些原本屬於「灰色地帶」的活動，也逐步納入主管機關管理。這項趨勢塑造了創新與監管並行，追求金融生態系安全又不抑制成長的未來。
One catalyst has been the string of new laws and guidelines tailored to fintech activities. In the past few years, major jurisdictions introduced frameworks that directly affect fintechs: for example, the European Union’s PSD2 (Revised Payment Services Directive) opened up bank data to third-party fintech apps (with customer consent), spurring open banking.
促成這現象的因素之一，是專門針對金融科技活動設計的一連串新法律及指導原則。過去幾年，主要經濟體陸續推出直接影響金融科技業者的框架，例如歐盟的 PSD2（修訂支付服務指令）讓銀行數據得以開放給第三方金融科技應用（經客戶同意），帶動 Open Banking（開放銀行）潮流。
Now the EU is discussing PSD3 and an accompanying Payment Services Regulation, which will update rules for the new realities of digital payments and tighten oversight on issues like fraud and data sharing. Similarly, the EU passed MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets regulation) to bring crypto exchanges and stablecoin issuers under supervision, which is rolling out by 2025.
目前歐盟正討論 PSD3 及相應的支付服務規範，以因應數位支付的新現實，並加強對詐騙及數據共享等議題的監理。同樣地，歐盟也已通過 MiCA（加密資產市場法規），把加密貨幣交易所與穩定幣發行納入監督，預計 2025 年正式實施。
In the United States, regulators who once took a “wait and see” approach to
在美國，監管機關原本對......（未完，原文內容到此為止）fintech are more proactively asserting jurisdiction – clarifying that if a fintech is doing bank-like activities (payments, lending, deposit-taking), it may need a license or have to follow consumer protection laws just like a bank. High-profile fintechs have even sought banking charters to secure a clear legal status (for instance, several digital lenders and payment companies obtained or applied for bank licenses in recent years). This blurring of lines means fintechs are increasingly subject to the same scrutiny as traditional institutions on issues of capital requirements, anti-money-laundering (AML) controls, and fair lending practices.
金融科技公司正更積極地主張自身的監管範圍——也就是明確表示，如果金融科技公司從事類似銀行的業務（如支付、借貸、吸收存款），就可能需要取得牌照，或必須遵從類似銀行的消費者保護法規。一些知名的金融科技公司甚至主動申請銀行執照，以獲得明確的法律地位（例如，近年已有多家數位放款及支付公司取得或申請銀行牌照）。這種界線的模糊，也代表金融科技業者在資本要求、反洗錢（AML）機制、公平放款等議題上，正越來越受到與傳統機構相同的審查。
Enter RegTech solutions, which have become indispensable in managing compliance. These are specialized fintech companies themselves, but focused on helping financial institutions navigate regulation through automation.
這時，RegTech（監管科技）解決方案便登場了，成為合規管理中不可或缺的一環。這些公司本身也是專注於協助金融機構以自動化方式因應監管要求的專門金融科技公司。
Need to verify the identity of 10,000 new users a day for KYC (Know Your Customer) rules? An AI-driven RegTech tool can scan IDs, cross-check watchlists, and flag anomalies far faster (and arguably more accurately) than a manual review team.
每天需要依KYC（認識你的客戶）規則驗證一萬名新用戶身分嗎？搭載AI的RegTech工具能快速掃描證件、比對監控名單、標示異常情況，其速度甚至（可以說也更精確地）遠遠超過人工審查團隊。
9. Biometrics and Digital Identity Reshape Security
9. 生物辨識與數位身分重塑金融安全
As fintech brings more services online, securing digital finance becomes paramount – and old-fashioned passwords or paper IDs are no longer up to the task.
隨著金融科技讓更多服務數位化/上線，保護數位金融安全變得至關重要，而傳統的密碼或紙本證件已經不再足夠。
In 2025, the fintech industry is rapidly adopting biometric authentication and digital identity solutions to safeguard accounts and streamline customer onboarding. Your fingerprint, face, or voice might soon be the only “password” you need to access your bank, and proving your identity for a loan could be as simple as a quick selfie video.
到了2025年，金融科技業快速採用生物辨識及數位身分驗證，來守護帳戶安全並讓客戶開戶流程更加順暢。你的指紋、臉部或聲音，可能很快就會成為你進入銀行唯一需要的「密碼」，而申請貸款時證明身分也可能只需簡單拍一段自拍影片。
This trend is all about balancing security with user convenience, leveraging unique personal traits to lock down financial accounts against fraud.
這股趨勢在於平衡安全性與用戶便利性，並利用個人的獨特特徵來加強帳戶防止詐騙。
Consumers are already familiar with biometrics through their smartphones – using a thumbprint or facial recognition to unlock the device or authorize an Apple Pay or Google Pay transaction.
消費者早已透過智慧型手機習慣生物辨識，無論是用指紋或臉部解鎖裝置，或授權Apple Pay、Google Pay交易。
Financial services have built on that familiarity. Now, many banking apps require a biometric check to open or to execute high-value transactions, adding a strong layer of protection even if someone’s PIN or password is compromised.
金融服務進一步利用這份熟悉感。如今，許多銀行App打開時或進行高額交易時都需進行生物辨識，即使用戶的PIN碼或密碼外洩也能增加保護層級。
Beyond logins and payments, digital identity verification is transforming how customers sign up for financial services.
除了登入、支付之外，數位身分驗證也正徹底改變用戶申請金融服務的方式。
Gone are the days of visiting a branch with a stack of documents to open an account. Fintech onboarding often involves scanning your government ID with your phone camera and taking a selfie. Advanced software then compares the photo ID with the live selfie (sometimes asking you to turn your head or blink to ensure it’s not a photo) – a process known as liveness detection. This verifies that you are who you claim to be, satisfying KYC requirements in a fully remote, digital manner.
過去需要帶著大堆證件到分行開戶的日子已經過去。金融科技常用的開戶方式是直接用手機鏡頭掃描你的政府證件，再拍一張自拍。進階軟體會比對身分證上的照片與自拍照（有時還會要求用戶轉頭或眨眼，以確認不是照片），這種過程稱為「活體偵測」。如此一來，即可完全以遠端、數位化方式滿足KYC的需求，驗證你的身分。
In countries like India, where the government rolled out Aadhaar (a national biometric ID system covering over a billion people), fintechs leverage that infrastructure: customers can authenticate their identity via a fingerprint or iris scan against the national database to instantly open bank accounts or get mobile wallets, even in rural kiosks. The effect on financial inclusion has been profound, bringing millions into the formal system with minimal friction. Inspired by such success, other nations or regions (for example, the EU with its eIDAS initiative) are working on interoperable digital IDs that could similarly simplify verification across borders by 2025 and beyond.
在印度等國家，政府推行Aadhaar這套涵蓋十多億人的全國性生物識別ID系統，金融科技業者就可利用這個基礎設施：顧客只需用指紋或虹膜掃描，與國家資料庫比對身分，就能立刻在偏鄉服務據點開立銀行帳戶或申請行動錢包。這對金融普惠產生了深遠影響，讓數以百萬計的人幾乎無障礙地進入正規體系。受到這種成功啟發，其他國家或地區（例如歐盟推動的eIDAS數位身分認證計畫）也正在打造可跨境互通的數位ID，預計2025年起進一步簡化各國間的身分驗證流程。
10. Fintech for Financial Inclusion: Closing the Global Gap
10. 金融科技促進金融普惠：縮小全球差距
In developing economies and among underserved communities, fintech services — from mobile money to micro-investing apps — are bringing people into the formal financial system at an unprecedented pace. In 2025, the progress is evident in the numbers: the world’s unbanked population is shrinking as smartphones become wallets and bank branches give way to apps.
在開發中國家及長期被忽視的族群中，金融科技服務——從行動支付到微型投資App——正以史無前例的速度將人們帶入正規金融體系。到了2025年，這個進展可從數據中清楚看出：隨著智慧型手機變身錢包，銀行分行被App取代，全球沒銀行帳戶的人口正持續減少。
This democratization of finance is not just a social good but also an enormous business opportunity, and many fintech innovations are emerging first in emerging markets before spreading worldwide.
金融民主化不只是社會善舉，也是龐大的商機，許多金融科技創新最早都在新興市場出現，再快速擴散至全球。
One of the shining examples is the continued rise of mobile money in regions like Africa. Over a decade ago, services like M-Pesa in Kenya proved that people could manage money through simple mobile phones, even without internet.
最具代表性的例子之一，是非洲等地區的行動支付持續快速發展。十多年前，像肯亞M-Pesa這類服務就證明了即使沒有網路，民眾也能用簡易手機管理金錢。
Today, mobile money platforms have proliferated across Sub-Saharan Africa, enabling tens of millions to store money, send and receive payments, and access basic banking services without a bank account. In countries from Nigeria to Bangladesh, fintech startups are offering app-based accounts that one can sign up for in minutes, often using just an ID card and a selfie for verification.
時至今日，非洲撒哈拉以南地區已遍布各式行動支付平台，讓數千萬人即便沒銀行戶頭也能存錢、收付款、取得基本金融服務。在尼日利亞到孟加拉等國，金融科技新創都提供App帳戶，用戶只需花幾分鐘並用身分證與自拍，就能快速辦理註冊。
These accounts often come with zero-fee or low-fee structures, making them accessible to low-income users. As a result, the share of adults with some form of transaction account (bank or mobile) has jumped significantly. The World Bank’s latest figures show a sizable dent in the unbanked population – for instance, the global number of adults without any account fell from about 1.7 billion in 2017 to around 1.4 billion in recent years, and the trajectory continues downward. Fintech deserves a lot of credit for this improvement by lowering barriers: you don’t need a bank branch in every village if almost everyone has a mobile phone in their pocket.
這些帳戶通常零手續費或極低費用，讓低收入民眾也可輕鬆使用。結果，具有某種類型（銀行或行動）帳戶的成年人口比例大幅躍升。根據世界銀行最新統計，全球未持有帳戶成年人從2017年的約17億人降至近年的約14億，持續呈現下降趨勢。金融科技功不可沒，因為它降低了門檻——只要大家口袋裡都有手機，就不需要每個村莊一間銀行分行了。
Micro-lending and micro-investment platforms are another facet of inclusion.
小額借貸與微型投資平台則是普惠金融的另一面向。
In Southeast Asia, Latin America, and Africa, apps now allow individuals to invest tiny sums (as low as a few dollars) in stocks, government bonds, or crowdfunding projects, often for the first time. By fractionalizing assets and lowering minimums, fintechs let people of modest means participate in investment opportunities that were once out of reach.
在東南亞、拉丁美洲與非洲，App已讓個人首次能用幾美元的小資金投資股票、政府債券或群眾募資。透過資產「碎片化」並降低最低門檻，金融科技讓一般小資族也能參與過去難以觸及的投資機會。
Conclusion: A New Financial Era on the Horizon
結論：新金融時代即將來臨
The top fintech trends of 2025 paint a picture of an industry in full stride, reshaping finance at a fundamental level. Finance is becoming more embedded, intelligent, and inclusive than ever before.
2025年的重點金融科技趨勢，展現出這個產業正以全新步伐、從根本重塑金融面貌。金融服務正變得更嵌入、智慧化、與包容性更高。
Banks and fintech firms are no longer adversaries in a zero-sum game; we see collaboration and convergence as traditional institutions adopt new tech and startups mature in their understanding of finance.
銀行和金融科技企業也不再是零和博弈的敵手：我們見到傳統機構擁抱新科技，新創公司也更加理解金融本質，兩者形成合作與融合。
The result is a richer ecosystem that is pushing financial services to be faster, cheaper, and more tailored to individual needs. From the way we pay and borrow, to the very form of money we use, the innovations described are reimagining long-standing conventions.
這帶來的是一個更豐富的生態系，使金融服務變得更快速、更低成本、更貼近個人需求。從我們支付、借貸的方式，到貨幣本身的樣貌，這些創新正在重新定義長久以來的金融習慣。